List of tables
Table 1.Distribution of the articles a, an and the in the five Malaysian textbooks examined by Mukundan et al. 2012 (as reported in Table 1, p. 69) and in
the BNC1994 (as calculated using Sketch Engine)30
Table 2.Comparison of the order of the most frequent prepositions in the BNC1994 and three Malaysian ESL textbooks (reproduced from Mukundan & Roslim 2009: 24)33
Table 3.The levels of the Textbook English Corpus (TEC)71
Table 4.Most widely used lower secondary school textbook series (publisher in brackets) according to the informal market surveys conducted in
2016 with teachers, bookshop assistants, and publishers in France, Germany, and Spain74
Table 5.Composition of the Textbook English Corpus (TEC) (the full bibliographic metadata is available on
)76
Table 6.Distribution of textbook register categories in the TEC81
Table 7.Summary of the regular expressions (regex) used to process the Spoken BNC2014 (see Appendix B.2.1 for full script)92
Table 8.Composition of the Informative Texts for Teens Corpus95
Table 9.Selected normalised feature counts (per 100 words) in three texts98
Table 10.Features with a minimum factor loading of ±0.35 that make up Biber’s (1988)
seven-factor solution102
Table 11.The computation of dimension scores on the basis of normalised frequencies105
Table 12.The computation of dimension scores on the basis of standardised frequencies (z-scores)105
Table 13.Summary of Biber’s six dimensions of English (1988)106
Table 14.Textbook English Corpus (TEC) text files included in this study114
Table 15.Excerpt of Appendix C: Operationalisation of ‘do as an auxiliary’ (DOAUX)117
Table 16.Summary of the terminology used in the evaluation of the MFTE120
Table 17.Features entered in the intra-textbook MDA and their loadings on the four dimensions of interest149
Table 18.Summary of the model: lmer(PC1 ~ Register + Level + Level*Register + (1|Series))153
Table 19.Estimated differences between mean PC1 scores for each TEC register pair (averaged across all textbook levels and series)154
Table 20.List of feature loadings (eigenvectors) in the Textbook English vs. ‘real-world’ English MDA model173
Table 21.Summary of the model: lmer(PC3 ~ 1 + Level + Register + Level*Register + (1|Source))177
Table 22.Summary of the model: lmer(PC1 ~ 1 + Level + Register + Level*Register + (Register|Source))183
Table 23.Summary of the model: lmer(PC2 ~ 1 + Level + Register + Level*Register + (1|Source))189