Index

• ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) 160–161, 164, 173

• accidents 180–181, 183

• “Action Model” 16, 159, 162, 168–170

• activism 159, 168

• activities
  • classroom activities136
  • daily activities 65, 228
  • leisure activities 49–50, 144
  • outdoor activities144
  • social activities 49, 65

• Ädel, Annelie 2, 19

• aesthetics5

• affect 4, 26

• affective affordances38

• affective constructs237

• affective keying 31, 33

• afraid (English)225

• agency237

• AIDS108

• Alla “God” (Jish Arabic)
  • alla lā yʾaddir “may God not predestine (it)”188
  • alla yustur “God covers” 175, 179–180
  • dakhīl alla “I am God’s enterer”181
  • dakhīlak ya rabb “I am your enterer, o Lord”181
  • fāl alla walā fālak “I prefer the bad omen coming from God to the one coming from you”188
  • inshāllah “if God wills”176
  • lā samaḥalla “may God not allow (it)”189
  • mashālla “whatever God wills” 184, 186
  • simʾalla “the name of God” 184, 186
  • smisṣalīb “the name of the cross” 184–185, 186

• allolexes 9, 192

• Al-Rojaie, Yousef I. 176, 190

• Ameka, Felix 4, 19, 187, 190

• amigas “female friends” (Spanish) 14, 64–66, 68, 70, 73–75, 78, 82

• amigos “male friends” (Spanish) 14, 64–66, 68, 70, 73–75, 78, 82

• amistad “friendship” (Spanish)73

• ān “peace, stability, serenity” (Chinese) 17, 194, 197–198, 200–202, 205, 207–209

• “Analysis of Political Discourse” 194–195, 211

• Anchimbe, Eric 4, 19

• Ancient Greece88

• Andalucía65

• Andrews, Avery 170, 171

• Anglo
  • concepts 238–239, 242
  • cultural keywords14
  • Englishes 87–88, 104
  • linguaculture 5, 11
  • societies 15, 104

• Anglocentric bias5

• Anglocentric theorizing5

• Anglocentrism
  • conceptual Anglocentrism 238–239
  • terminological Anglocentrism68

• Anglosphere, the 86–88, 92, 98, 194, 200

• Angst “anxiety, fear of the unknown” (German) 170, 223, 225
  • Prüfungsangst “exam Angst”225
  • ānquán ”safety, security” (Chinese) 18, 227–233, 240
  • ānquán chūkŏu “safety exit”229
  • ānquán dài “safety belt”227
  • ānquán lǐshì huì “Security Council”227
  • ānquán mén “safety door”228
  • ānquán shēngchăn “safe production”228
  • cáichăn (de) ānquán “property/belongings security”230
  • guójiā ānquán “state security”233
  • rénshēng ānquán “personal safety”228
  • shēngmìng ānquán “life security”228
  • shípĭn ānquán “food safety” 228–229
  • zhùyì ānquán “pay attention to safety”228

• anti-individualism36

• anti-Western43

• anxiety (English)
  • anxiety disorder166
  • climate anxiety 159–166, 169
  • climate change anxiety160
  • ecological anxiety160
  • environmental anxiety160
  • health anxiety165
  • social anxiety165

• Appel, Christine 16, 47, 108, 136, 138, 140

• applied pragmatics5

• Aprejsan, Yuri 30, 38

• Arabic
  • Arabic-speaking world, the 176–179, 182, 184, 188
  • Egyptian Arabic190
  • Jish Arabic 17, 175–179, 182–185, 187–189, 192
  • Modern Standard Arabic176
  • Najdi Arabic176
  • Palestinian Arabic190
  • script178

• arm (English) 122–123, 126

• Asano-Cavanagh, Yuko 4, 14

• atsuryoku ‘force to suppress’ (Japanese)52

• Austin, J. L.239

• Australia 93, 114

• Australian
  • discourse108
  • English 108, 161
  • government 111–113, 115, 119, 125, 128
  • media 109–110

• authoritarianism 42–43

• Avila-Ledesma, Nancy E. 5, 21

• awareness
  • critical cultural awareness137
  • metalinguistic awareness241

• axiology 5–6, 38
  • axiological meanings 23–24, 36

• Aznárez-Mauleón, Mónica 14, 64

• balcón “balcony” (Spanish)153

• balconazi “balcony police” (Spanish) 16, 153–154, 236

• “Basic Human”200

• BBC27

• beauty5

• beliefs 5–7, 16–17
  • cultural beliefs 17, 194, 198, 209
  • religious beliefs189

• bìngwēi “lit. illness danger” (Chinese)207

• Blau, Kathy E. 90–91, 94, 96, 101

• boredom155

• Breedveld, Anneke 178, 190

• Bromhead, Helen 4, 12, 16, 19, 92, 104, 158–159, 168, 170, 171, 218, 234

• Budziszewska, Magdalena 161, 171

• Byram, Michael 136–137, 155

• cáichăn “property” (Chinese)230

• calamity 181, 201, 208

• Canada 87, 129, 162

• Canadian French 159, 162

• Cap, Piotr 195, 206, 209

• Carbaugh, Donal 6, 160, 233

• certainty (English)223

• Chappell, Hilary 9, 19

• child-birth183

• childhood 67, 70, 164
  • early childhood 67, 70

• children 70, 79, 81, 166–167, 226, 228

• Chilton, Paul 195, 209, 210

• China 194–195, 197, 200, 202–203, 205–206, 208–210
  • People’s Republic of China195

• Chinese
  • Chinese Communist Party 17, 194–195
  • cultural knowledge198
  • elite politics 194, 197
  • government 194–195, 197, 209, 229
  • history 201–202, 205
  • language 194, 197, 200, 208
  • linguaculture 209–210
  • master scripts11
  • Mandarin Chinese 9, 218
  • Modern Standard Chinese227

• climate action (English) 159, 162, 169

• climate catastrophe (English)159

• climate change 3, 17, 158–159, 162–163, 169–170

• climate crisis (English) 16, 158

• climate depression (English)159

• climate discourse7

• climate emotions 158, 163

• climate grief (English) 158, 160–162, 169, 172

• communication
  • CALD communication107
  • effective communication119
  • intercultural communication 5, 16, 137
  • online communication 135, 138
  • political communication209
  • public communication15
  • public health communication 107, 111–112, 120, 124, 127–128
  • video communication137
  • written communication111

• community (English) 27, 30

• community security (English)233

• community spirit (English) 24, 27

• community transmission (English)108

• compounds 29–32, 165, 225, 227

• concepts
  • new concepts 23, 29
  • universal concepts 177, 199

• confinamiento “confinement” (Spanish) 16, 135, 151–152

• Confucius57

• construction grammar 23, 29, 33, 38
  • “Cultural Construction Grammar” 29, 33

• contacto estrecho “close contact” (Spanish)65

• context
  • cultural context 2, 42, 68, 88, 170, 209–210
  • situational context 25, 29

• conversation
  • everyday conversation 65, 82
  • face-to-face conversation139
  • online bilingual conversations135

• conviviente “co-habitant” (Spanish) 14, 64–68, 75–78, 81–82
  • un conviviente “a co-habitant”78
  • mis convivientes “my co-habitants”78
  • persona conviviente “a co-habitant person”78
  • pareja conviviente “co-habitant couple”78

• Coptic liturgy179

• Coptic munks179

• corona (Danish)28

• coronavirus 3, 23, 135, 154–155 ; (see also Covid-19 pandemic)

• corpora
  • corpora of podcasts16
  • Chinese 218, 229
  • Danish33
  • English 86, 87, 165
  • Japanese 47–48
  • Spanish 69, 76, 79

• coughing 121–123

• Covid-19 pandemic 3, 7, 14–15, 42, 48, 56, 64, 83, 87, 97, 100, 107–109, 124, 135–136, 142–143, 154

• Cox, Katie 15, 86, 92, 104

• Cramer, Rahel 224, 234

• creativity23

• crisis (English) 4, 6, 36, 206–207, 215–216, 239, 242
  • crisis management215
  • crisis talk215

• “critical cultural awareness”137

• critical discourse92

• cross-cultural communication189

• cross-linguistic semantics218

• cross-linguistic studies1

• “crypto-national concepts”30

• cultural assumptions 6, 120

• cultural attitudes200

• cultural baggage6

• cultural barriers 5, 136

• cultural beliefs 17, 194, 198, 209

• cultural concepts 1, 4, 6, 11, 238, 242

• “Cultural Construction Grammar” 29, 33

• cultural contexts 2, 42, 68, 88, 170, 209–210

• cultural discourse 12, 18, 160, 233

• “Cultural Discourse Analysis”160

• cultural expectations42

• cultural insiders 6, 68, 190, 237

• cultural keywords 1, 6, 8, 11, 15, 25, 41, 86–87, 198, 240–241

• cultural knowledge 98, 198

• cultural logics 1–6, 8, 11–12, 14, 18, 26, 45, 236

• cultural memories209

• cultural narratives210

• cultural norms 177–178, 186, 188–190

• cultural nuances41

• cultural pragmatics, (definition of) 4–7

• cultural scripts 11, 57–58, 175, 183–190, 208

• cultural semantics 38, 86

• cultural understanding3

• cultural values 6, 14, 87, 104, 237

• dākhil ʿalēk “I am entering your territory” (Arabic)181

• dakhīlak “I am your territory’s enterer” (Arabic)181

• danger (English) 4, 6, 12, 176, 214, 216, 219
  • danger of invasion214
  • danger zone213
  • in danger 207, 214
  • the danger of attack214
  • the danger of bushfire87
  • the dangers of drinking214
  • the dangers of global warming214
  • the dangers of radiation214
  • the dangers of (passive) smoking214
  • the danger of war214

• Danish
  • discourse 23, 30
  • keywords 26.29
  • language 23, 115
  • society24
  • Protestantism37
  • welfare state 31, 33

• Danmark ‘Denmark’30

• Danmarks Radio (Denmark’s Radio)26

• Dansk Sprognævn (Danish Language Council)26

• decentring 5–6, 120

• democracy 31, 43

• democratic attitudes43

• Deng, Xiaoping196

• deuil écologique “ecological grief” (Canadian French) 159

• dialectic way of thinking 207–208

• Diget, Ida Stevia 4, 15, 107, 112, 120, 121, 122, 124, 127, 128, 130, 238

• discourse analysis 18, 86, 160, 233, 241

• discourse community26

• discourse formation 2, 41

• discourse of heroism86

• discourse of “looming danger”194

• discourse of security 217–218

• discourse practices15

• discourse studies241
  • “semantically-enhanced discourse studies” 159, 162

• discursive contexts 87, 104

• discursive fixities87

• discursive power 210, 222

• discursive prototype35

• disaster (English) 3, 239

• disaster messaging107

• distress (English) 16, 158, 162, 165, 167
  • ecological distress158

• divine interjections176
  • “danger-thwarting divine interjections” 17, 175–177, 179

• dōchō-atsuryoku “peer-pressure” (Japanese) 14, 41–42, 44, 46–47, 52–58, 236

• doctors100

• doing the right thing (English) 92, 94–96

• Douglas, Mary 4, 19, 191

• earth, the 12–13, 16, 37, 169, 222–223

• earthquake 48–50

• Easy English 111, 120, 124–126

• “easy thinking”240

• Ebola108

• écoanxiété “eco-anxiety” (French)162

• eco-anxiety (English) 16, 158–166, 169–170

• ecological distress (English)158

• ecological grief (English) 158–159, 165

• economy 76, 149, 155, 204

• Edo era43

• education 2, 7, 202
  • educational textbooks43
  • language education 15, 135–137, 139

• Egypt 181, 184, 190

• Ekman, Paul 175, 190

• elbow (English) 115, 121–122, 124

• emergency (English) 3, 4

• emergency communication 15, 111, 238

• emergency linguistics16

• emergency messaging 15, 107, 113

• emergency studies241

• emergent vocabulary 112, 126

• emerging concepts 16, 143, 151, 155

• emerging keywords155

• emerging semantics 25, 36

• emotion
  • climate-related-/ecological
  • model 158–159, 167, 170
  • pragmatics of 158, 162, 168, 170
  • terms 158, 161, 164–165, 167

• emic
  • “deep emic logic” 87, 104

• English
  • Anglo English 5, 9, 87, 88, 104, 239
  • Easy English 111, 120, 124–126
  • emotion words 159, 162, 167
  • English as Foreign Language (EFL)140
  • English-Canadian culture162
  • “English monolingual ideologies”120
  • keywords 6, 34
  • lexicon 16, 30
  • Minimal English119
  • modern English6
  • Plain English 111, 119–120
  • proficiency 116, 118, 120–121
  • proverbs99
  • social lexicon30
  • Standard Translatable English 15, 107, 112, 118–119

• enryo “self-restraint” (Japanese) 44–45, 51

• entitativity 67, 70, 81

• environmental crisis169

• environmental degradation3

• environmental destruction 161, 164

• environmental discourse 16, 170

• environmental humanities241

• environmental studies161

• epic poetry88

• epistemes
  • “words as small epistemes”240

• epistemic markers4

• Español Lengua Extranjera (ELE)140

• ethnocentric 16, 161

• Ethnopragmatics 4, 139

• European languages 159, 217, 222

• exigencies 34–36

• familia “family” (Spanish) 14, 64–65, 68, 70, 71, 73, 76–79, 82

• fángdào mén ”prevent burglary door” (Chinese)229

• Farsi 113, 115

• Fashion 52, 160, 173

• fear (English)176

• Ferguson, Charles A. 176, 191

• Fernández, Susana S. 5, 10, 16, 19, 21, 47, 68, 83, 108, 135, 137, 138, 138, 154, 156, 157

• Finnish159

• flatten the curve (English)108

• folk philosophies7

• folk spiritualities7

• France45

• Franco, Zeno E. 90–91, 94, 96, 101, 104

• Frederiksen, Mette 24, 33

• French 129, 162, 217, 232
  • Canadian French159
  • French-Canadian culture162

• frequency 176, 197–200, 219, 221, 227

• Friedrich, Paul 2, 19, 177, 191

• Fritz, Graf 88, 104

• Geborgenheit “existential security” (German)
  • Sehnsucht nach Geborgenheit “longing for existential security”

• geopolitics 3, 18, 197, 217

• German 2, 6, 17, 18, 170, 217–218, 223–227, 231–233, 240
  • German cultural keywords225

• Germanic languages29

• Gewissheit “certainty” (German)224

• Gladkova, Anna 4, 5, 19, 20, 66, 68, 83

• Głaz, Adam 4, 19, 39

• global conflict90

• global crisis 1, 42
  • “global crisis talk”3

• global discourse 3, 18, 217, 241

• global heating159

• global lockdown 16, 135–136, 154–155

• Global North 170, 241

• Global South170

• globalization 5, 58, 138

• God 37, 176, 179, 181–183, 185, 187, 189

• Goddard, Cliff 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 18, 19, 20, 25, 26, 30, 38, 47, 59, 66, 68, 69, 83, 92, 104, 119, 120, 123, 127, 131, 138, 139, 156, 159, 162, 170, 171, 172, 178, 191, 192, 199, 200, 205, 211, 217, 218, 220, 222, 234, 240

• Google Translate 112, 114–115, 117–118, 122–126

• government 3, 7, 13, 15, 17, 198, 206
  • Australian 109, 111–113, 115–116, 118–119, 121, 124–126, 128
  • Chinese 194–195, 197, 229
  • Japanese 14, 43, 45, 56–57
  • Spanish 64, 66, 75, 146–147, 152, 155

• “grand narratives”7

• greetings4

• Greta effect, the (English)159

• grief (English)
  • cancer grief165
  • climate grief 158–162, 167, 169, 172
  • suicide grief 165–166

• grupo burbuja “bubble group” (Spanish) 14, 64–68, 75–77, 79, 81–82

• grupo de convivencia estable “stable co-habitant group” (Spanish)65

• Guardian, the160

• guilty (English)162

• guójiā “country, nation” (Chinese) 203, 205, 232–233

• gurt ‘belt’ (German)223

• Habib, Sandy 4, 17, 20, 102, 105, 175, 178, 191, 192

• habitual thinking200

• Hamann, Magnus 25, 39

• health
  • health discourse7
  • health emergencies 3, 111–114, 118–119, 127
  • health information 112–114
  • health workers14

• Hein, Jan 10, 21

• Henig, David 3, 20

• hepatitis108

• hépíng juéqǐ “peaceful rise” (Chinese)198

• heroes (English) 14–15, 86–90, 94–95, 100, 103

• heroism 14, 89, 91–92, 94, 98, 104

• history 37, 45, 87, 92, 161, 170, 200–203, 205, 209–210

• hjælpsomhed “helpfulness” (Danish)33

• Hochsicherheitsgefängnis ”high security prison” (German)227

• homeworking (English)148

• Horn, Nynne 25, 39

• hospital (English)120

• Hu, Jintao196

• hugging 74, 124–126

• humanities 17, 18, 38, 170
  • environmental humanities241

• humour4

• huò fú xiāng yī “calamity and fortune are mutually dependent” (Chinese)208

• hygge (Danish) 25, 28
  • “the hygge hype”29

• ideology 14, 26, 30, 43, 101, 120, 164

• idiomatic expressions 115, 123

• idiomatic language238

• Iijima, Wataru 45, 47, 56, 59

• illness 48, 57, 183, 207

• “imagined age”33

• imperfective aspect189

• impoliteness (English)6

• indirectness (English)6

• individualism 43, 58

• influenza 108, 120, 128

• injury 97, 179–180, 214–215, 228

• in shāʾ allāh “if God wills”( Arabic)187

• interaction
  • face-to-face interaction 64, 75
  • social interaction 11, 67, 77

• intercultural communication 5, 16, 137

• intercultural competence 136–138, 140

• intercultural pragmatics 16, 135–136, 139

• interculturality 136–137

• interjections 17, 175–177, 184
  • interjectional phrases 17, 175–189
  • “danger-thwarting divine interjections” 17, 175–176, 179

• international relations 17, 18, 210, 218, 221, 228, 231–232

• intimacy groups 14, 67, 70, 75

• invocations 36, 176, 181

• Iraq 181, 184

• Ireland 87, 129, 142–143

• isolation (English) 16, 151

• Israel 17, 175, 178

• Ito-Morales, Kyoko 45, 47, 49, 56–58, 60

• Janzwood, Scott 3, 20

• Japan 13, 42–43, 45, 48, 56–58, 203

• Japanese
  • culture 41, 43
  • discourse41
  • government 14, 56
  • society 14, 42, 58

• jargon 111, 119
  • legal 14, 64–65, 76
  • political76

• Jiang, Zemin 195–196

• Jish 17, 179, 181
  • Jish Arabic 17, 175–190
  • Jish linguaculture17

• jishuku “self-discipline” (Japanese) 14, 41–52, 56–58

• Jonsson, Sofia Elisabet 161, 171

• jū ān sī wēi “think about danger during peaceful time” (Chinese) 17, 194, 197–198, 200–201, 205, 207–209

• Junker, Tine-Marie 18, 217, 240

• Kaneko, Nana 45, 57, 60

• Kawasaki City49

• Kecskés, Istvan 4, 20

• keying
  • affective keying 31, 33
  • cultural keying13
  • moral keying13
  • temporal keying33

• keyness 6, 28

• keywords(see also cultural keywords)
  • keyword formation25
  • “Keywords of the moment” 7, 12, 15, 36, 238, 240
  • keywords of the pandemic 33, 38
  • keyword studies37

• khaṭar “danger” (Arabic) 17, 176

• kinship 68, 70, 72–73

• klimaangst “climate anxiety” (Danish)159

• klimatångast “climate anxiety” (Swedish)161

• Klimatangst “climate anxiety” (German)170

• Knight, Daniel M. 3, 20

• Kramsch, Claire 137, 156

• Kushner, Barak 57, 60

• labels 87, 93, 138, 163–164
  • climate emotion labels 12, 162, 169

• lande “countries” (Danish)30

• language learning 5, 15, 16, 135, 138–140

• language policy113

• language teaching5

• laughing4

• Leavitt, John 240, 242

• lejana “distant” (Spanish)71

• lʿēn “the (evil) eye” (Jish Arabic) 183–184, 187

• Levant, the181

• lexical innovation25

• lexical polysemy219

• lexical routine180

• lexical universals69

• Levisen, Carsten 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 13–14, 20, 21, 23–26, 28–31, 34, 38, 39, 47, 66, 68, 84, 86–87, 92, 102, 104, 105, 108, 138, 170, 171, 200, 211, 218, 233, 234, 236, 239, 242

• Li, Yuming 4, 21

• Lickel, Brian 67, 84

• Liddicoat, Anthony 137, 157

• lifestyle 128, 160–161, 173

• Lindholm, Camilla 111, 131

• lingua franca200

• linguaculture 1–2, 5–8, 10–11, 17–18, 23, 29, 35–37, 68, 161, 175–178, 189–190, 210, 236–237, 239–242

• linguistic crisis38

• linguistic ideologies120

• linguistic minorities 16, 112–114, 127, 233

• linguistic practices 3, 11, 159

• linguistic relativity 238, 241

• linguistic rituals237

• linguistic unawareness238

• linguistic worldview 4, 26, 37, 240

• liturgy
  • Coptic liturgy179

• livet “life” (Danish)25

• lla yəstor “the Lord covers” (Moroccan Arabic)181

• lockdown (English)108

• loss (English)
  • sense of loss162

• Lucy, John A. 26, 39

• lykke “happiness” (Danish)25

• Lyngfelt, Benjamin 29, 39

• madre “mother” (Spanish) 68, 78

• magic 5, 37, 91

• malaria108

• Mandarin 9, 113, 115, 118, 218, 227

• Mao, Zedong 195–196, 203

• marido “husband” (Spanish) 72, 78

• mashallah (Arabic) 176, 186

• master scripts 11, 17, 179, 183, 208

• Matisoff, James 32, 39

• metaconcepts 164, 240

• metalanguage 8, 17–18, 119, 138, 199, 238–239, 242
  • cross-translatable metalanguage199
  • natural semantic metalanguage 1, 25, 41, 64, 66, 68, 86, 88, 92–93, 135–136, 138, 158–159, 167, 170, 175, 199, 217–218, 233

• metalinguistic awareness241

• metalinguistic crisis239

• metalexical26

• metaphor 80, 115, 123, 164

• metapragmatics 6, 23, 25–26, 28, 38, 237
  • metapragmatic comments 26, 33

• metasemantics26

• meta-vocabulary239

• media discourse 13, 14, 27, 28, 65, 75

• medical anthropology161

• medical terms23

• medicine170

• Meiji era43

• mental constructs26

• mental health 31, 100, 149, 155, 215

• Middle East183

• Miller, Derek B. 233, 234

• mind (English) 11, 31

• Minimal English119

• “minimal language” 16, 119, 162, 167–168, 170

• mínzú “nation” (Chinese)
  • mínzú de wēiwáng “the nation’s existence being in peril” 203, 205

• misinterpretation 17, 113, 115, 121, 127

• misunderstanding42

• mistranslation113

• Mitatera, Kei 46, 63

• memory
  • collective memory205
  • historical memory207
  • national memory 17, 27, 194

• morality
  • moral cognition 34–35
  • moral emotion168
  • moral keying13
  • moral meanings24
  • national morality37

• Morocco181

• mujer “wife” (Spanish) 72, 78

• Mullan, Kerry 4, 21

• Muslims 179, 184, 187

• myth 7, 13, 33, 38, 88, 90–91

• mythologies 7, 43

• mythos-keying37

• mythos-making33

• “naive picture of the word”30

• Nakayachi, Kazuya 44–46, 56–57, 60, 63

• Nassenstein, Nico 4, 5, 21

• næstekærlighed “love for one another” (Danish)33

• national belonging7

• national discourses 210, 217

• national emergencies 15, 16, 127

• national memory 17, 194

• national security discourse 206, 232

• Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) 8, 10–13, 15–18, 30–31, 37, 41, 49, 67–69, 82, 87, 93, 96–99, 102, 119–120, 138–139, 151, 162, 170, 199–200, 210, 220, 233, 239, 242
  • NSM approach 8, 41, 47, 68, 82, 93, 162, 210, 239
  • NSM paradigm200

• neologisms 17, 159, 165

• new concepts 23, 29, 66, 153

• new discourse logics237

• new meanings237

• new metapragmatic evaluators237

• new phraseologies237

• new speech routines237

• new vocabulary 3, 15, 108, 118, 237

• new words 6, 23, 28, 33, 42, 135–136, 148

• New Zealand 87, 129

• Nielsen, Johanne Vejrup 30, 39

• North Korea49

• nosotros “we” (Spanish)69

• occult, the 179–180

• Ogden, Charles K. 120, 132

• omote “front” (Japanese)58

• online
  • modalities135
  • technology135
  • virtual exchange136

• Östman, Jan-Ola 2, 19

• padre “father” (Spanish) 68, 72

• pamphlets 112, 124

• pandemic(see also Covid-19)
  • culture 32–33
  • discourse 3, 23, 41–42, 108
  • keywords 36, 41–42
  • rhetoric38
  • words24

• parenting 160, 163, 173, 229

• Peeters, Bert 31, 39, 47, 61, 68, 84

• Peninsular Spanish 14, 69, 70, 72, 75, 82

• peril (English) 207, 215

• personal autonomy (English) 11, 58

• personhood
  • personhood constructs 29, 31

• phraseology 30, 237

• physical distancing (English) 107–111, 124–125

• Piamenta, Moses 176, 179–181, 184, 188, 191

• pictograms111

• Piller, Ingrid 108, 132

• Plain English 111, 119–120

• planet, the158

• podcasts 161, 163–164, 166, 170, 173

• police 43, 47, 57, 147, 153, 155, 226

• polite (English) 6, 11

• Politeness Theory5

• political communication209

• political rhetoric23

• political thought 17, 29, 198, 210

• politics

• polycrisis 3, 18

• polysemy 15, 112, 114, 119, 122, 123, 126, 128, 219, 224

• pop culture 160, 173

• Postcolonial Pragmatics4

• posters 108, 112, 116, 121, 124

• post-translation 113, 118

• pragmatics(see also cultural pragmatics)
  • of emotion 158, 162, 168, 170
  • of intercultural communication5
  • of religious expressions176
  • “pragmatics of X”241

• proverbs99

• próxima “close” (Spanish)70

• psycho-collocations33

• psychology 16, 33, 93, 159, 160, 162, 170, 173

• psychometric assessment 162, 165

• public health
  • campaigns116
  • communication 107–108, 111–112, 120, 124, 127–129
  • communicators 108, 128–129
  • posters 108, 124

• questions
  • yes-no questions187

• Quran, the 181, 187

• reactive semantics 36, 38

• rebbi yester “the Lord covers” (Tunisian Arabic)181

• reciprocity 73, 75

• reductive paraphrase138

• relationships 14, 64, 67, 71–73, 75, 77, 82, 184
  • spatial relationships75

• religious discourse13

• religious expressions 176–177

• religious interjections176

• religious practice88

• religious studies45

• religious words176

• Riemer, Nick 121, 132

• Risager, Karen 2, 21, 137, 157

• risk (English) 2–4, 6, 239–240, 242

• ritual language 4, 88

• Romero-Trillo, Jésus 4, 5, 19, 20

• routine 150, 228, 240
  • routinised speech practices 5, 237
  • lexical routine 180–181

• Rudnick, Lisa

• ruka “hand, arm” (Russian)

• Russian 233, 234

• sadness (English)165

• Sadow, Lauren 5, 15, 86, 119, 120, 132, 139, 157

• safety (English) 6, 18, 213, 217, 219–227, 232–233
  • safety first219
  • safety in the workplace219
  • food safety219

• ṣalīb‘ “cross” (Jish Arabic) 175–176, 183–187

• samfund “society, community” (Danish)
  • samfund + N construction (Danish)31
  • samfundet “the society” (Danish) 30–31, 34

• samfundssind “community spirit” (Danish) 13–14, 23–28, 29, 31–34, 36–38, 236

• SARS108

• satr “cover” (Arabic)179

• Scarino, Angela 137, 156

• school strikers 158, 168–169

• ṣēbit lʿēn “the hit of the eye” (Jish Arabic) 183–184

• Second World War 43, 56–58, 203, 205

• secrets179

• secularity 7, 37

• “securitization”218

• security (English) 6, 18, 217–228, 232–233, 240
  • community security233
  • computer security222
  • financial security222
  • human security233
  • job security222
  • national security 221–222
  • regional security222
  • sense of security221
  • Social Security221
  • the security of knowing that…221

• semantic analysis 24, 28, 41–42, 47, 66, 68, 82–83, 88, 93, 136, 138, 143, 151, 217

• semantic change 4, 23

• semantic configurations36

• semantic descriptions217

• semantic domains29

• semantic molecules (definitions and examples of) 10–11, 68

• semantic primes (definitions and examples of) 8–10, 68–69, 119, 123, 179, 192–193
  • Arabic exponents 178, 192
  • Chinese exponents 9–10
  • Danish exponents10
  • English exponents 9, 123
  • Spanish exponents 68–69

• semantic representation34

• semantic templates 102, 232

• shēngyú yōuhuàn ér sǐyú ānlè “life springs from sorrow and calamity, and death from ease and pleasure” (Chinese) 201, 204

• shopping144

• Shōwa emperor 48–49, 57

• Sicherheit “safety, security” (German) 18, 217, 219, 223–227, 231, 233, 240
  • finanzielle Sicherheit ”financial security”
  • Flughafensicherheit “airport security”227
  • Landessicherheit “national security”227
  • soziale Sicherheit “social security”226
  • Sicherheit der Kinder “children’s safety”226
  • Sicherheitsgurt “safety belt”223
  • Sicherheitsupdate “security update”227

• sind “mind, disposition” (Danish) 13, 24–26, 29, 31–32, 34, 38
  • sind-based compounds (Danish)32

• Sippola, Eeva 4, 5, 21

• skolstrejk för klimatet “school strike for climate” (Swedish)159

• slogans 116–118, 121

• sneezing 121–123

• social categories 11, 15, 31, 65–68, 72, 79, 82–83, 237

• social categorization 4, 66–68

• social cognition 34–36, 64, 66–68, 82–83

• social constructs 26, 240

• social distancing (English) 108–110, 115, 124, 127

• social media 26–28, 41–42, 137

• social relationships 14, 67, 70, 75

• social science 17, 170

• socialisation67
  • primary socialisation agents67

• sociality 3–4, 14, 29–30, 37, 68, 75, 82, 239

• sociology93

• solastalgia (English)159

• solastagie “solastaglia” (French)162

• soldiers 87, 89–91, 96, 228

• solidaritet “solidarity” (Danish)33

• sort humor “black humour” (Danish)25

• Spain 13, 14, 64, 69–70, 75–76, 79, 81–82, 142–144, 146–147, 151
  • “Spain’s new normal” 64, 68, 75, 82

• Spanish
  • corpora 69, 76
  • sociality terms82
  • Spanish-English conversations 135, 140, 143, 154

• spirituality 5, 7, 173

• spread (English)114

• Standard Translatable English (STE) 15, 107, 112, 118, 124, 126

• sterility183

• stylistics25

• superheroes (English) 86, 91–92

• sustainability (English) 173–174, 233

• Swahili114

• tasks
  • communicative tasks136
  • free-conversation tasks140
  • problem solving tasks 140–141
  • role-play tasks140
  • spot-the-difference tasks140

• Terkourafi, Marina 4, 19, 62, 172

• terms of address4

• terraza “terrace, balcony” (Spanish)153

• threat (English) 18, 206, 208, 219

• Thunberg, Greta159

• tissue (English) 114–116, 121, 123

• Tōhoku earthquake49

• tonality 23, 33, 37–38
  • tonality of meaning38

• translatability 10, 24, 107, 111–112, 114–115, 118, 120–123, 125–128

• translatability testing 120, 122, 123, 128

• translation 13, 15, 26–27, 31, 41, 42, 107, 112–114, 116, 118–129, 195, 223–224, 226, 233
  • equivalents 24, 27, 31, 42, 223–224, 226
  • literal translation 41, 42, 195, 203
  • machine translation 15, 107, 112
  • poor translations113
  • practices 107, 118, 128

• trauma (English)220

• tryghed “sense of security” (Danish)25

• Tunisia181

• Underwood, Kate 99, 105

• unemployment183

• unidad familiar “familiar unit” (Spanish) 14, 64–68, 75–79, 81–82

• United Kingdom 114, 129

• United States 93, 114, 129, 146, 197

• urbanisation56

• vaccine 117–118, 120

• values
  • cultural values 6, 14, 87, 104, 237
  • value words 24, 28

• van Dijk, Teun 159, 172

• Vanhatalo, Ulla 111, 120, 131

• verbal norms4

• verden “the world” (Danish)30

• violence (English)220

• Vo, Thi Lien Huong 66, 68, 85

• vocabulary 2, 8, 15, 25, 29, 36, 107–108, 111–112, 114, 118, 120, 122, 124–127, 139, 158, 164, 170, 177, 218, 239
  • core vocabulary8
  • historical vocabulary25
  • new vocabulary 15, 108, 118, 127, 237
  • reduced vocabulary 120, 218
  • technical vocabulary36

• voice 13, 33, 237

• wáng “to perish” (Chinese)202

• wángguó “lost country” (Chinese)206

• war 197, 214, 236, 241
  • Cold War90
  • Opium War202
  • Vietnam War90
  • war heroes 15, 86, 102
  • World War II 43, 56–57, 90, 203, 205
  • World War I90

• Wardell, Susan 161, 172

• Waters, Sophia 4, 6, 21, 22, 25, 39, 68, 84, 86, 87, 104, 105, 218, 233, 234, 239, 242

• wēi “danger” (Chinese) 198, 200, 202, 207, 213, 214, 215

• wēijí “danger and urgency” (Chinese) 202–203

• wēijí cúnwáng zhī qiū “the autumn of urgency concerning survival” (Chinese)202

• wēiwáng “on the verge of collapse” (Chinese) 202–207, 215, 216

• well-being 25, 154

• wellness 160, 173

• WhatsApp 137, 178

• wh-imperatives11

• WHO129

• “wicked problems” 3, 170

• Wierzbicka, Anna 4–6, 8, 12, 20, 22–23, 25, 30, 38, 40, 44, 47, 51, 59, 62, 68–70, 83, 85, 92, 98–99, 104, 105, 119–120, 123, 131, 133, 138, 152, 156, 157, 159, 162, 164, 166, 172, 176, 178, 191, 192, 200, 205, 211, 212, 218, 220, 223–226, 233, 234, 235, 239, 242

• Wong, Jock O. 4, 5, 22, 68, 85, 178, 192

• “Word of the Year” 13, 26–27

• word order118

• wordplay 115, 123

• worldview 87, 120
  • Eurocentric worldviews120
  • linguistic worldview 4, 37, 87, 240

• worry (English)162

• Xi, Jinping196
  • “Xi Jinping Thought”196

• yā ʿadra “o Virgin” (Jish Arabic)176

• yā rabb “o Lord” (Jish Arabic)176

• Ye, Zhengdao 1, 4–5, 8, 11–12, 17–18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 38, 40, 47, 59, 66, 68, 70, 85, 102, 105, 138, 156, 162, 171, 178, 192, 194, 200, 206, 208, 212, 213, 215, 217–218, 234, 235, 236, 240

• Yemen189

• ympäristöahdistus “eco-anxiety” (Finnish)159

• yǒu bèi wú huàn “preparedness averts trouble” (Chinese) 197–199, 207, 209

• yōuhuàn yìshi “awareness of dangers and troubles ahead” (Chinese) 197–199, 201, 208

• zhōngguó de hépíng fāzhăn dàolù “the road of China’s peaceful development” (Chinese)196

• Zika virus108

• Zimbardo, Philip G. 90–91, 94, 96, 101, 104

• zǔguó “motherland” (Chinese)203

• Zurba, Melanie 162, 172